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Understanding the concept of “Entrepreneurial” competence

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From routine to initiative: How to think and act like a change-maker

It’s all about the mindset, and not the job title

Entrepreneurship is a way of doing things, not a business card.

Entrepreneurial competence is the power to transform ideas into actions that create value. It is not tied to owning a business but to the ability to improve, innovate, and solve problems in any context.

Whether improving a group project or launching a local initiative, the entrepreneurial mind finds ways to act rather than wait. It is about:

  • MINDSET
  • INITIATIVE
  • OWENERSHIP

This is a life skill for everyone. In a world of constant change, those who can think and act entrepreneurially will thrive.

What do we mean by “Entrepreneurial Competence”?

What if every student could be a change-maker?

  1. Entrepreneurship is a way of thinking and doing, not a title.
    It’s about energy, creativity, and having the courage to make small and big changes.
  2. People with this mindset see opportunities where others see problems.
    They ask: “What can I do differently? How can I make an impact?”
  3. This is for everyone, everywhere.
    Trainers, students, or employees—all can apply entrepreneurial thinking to create value.
…and why is this relevant for Vocational Education & Training?

Skills that outlive any job description

Technical skills open doors, but entrepreneurial skills keep them open.

The labor market wants problem-solvers, adaptable thinkers, and proactive individuals.

EntreComp prepares learners for the unpredictable.

By teaching initiative and adaptability, we create individuals ready for both current and future challenges.

It also energizes classrooms and boost morale for students.

Students learn to connect their studies with real-world needs, making learning meaningful and dynamic.

 

A snapshot of the EntreComp framework

A compass for turning ideas into reality

  1. EntreComp doesn’t prescribe steps but provides a flexible map of skills and attitudes.
  2. Its 3 areas—Ideas, Resources, Action—cover the full journey from idea to impact.
  3. It’s adaptable to any setting—education, employment, or community initiatives.

 

The 3 Training Areas of EntreComp

From spark to reality: The entrepreneurial journey

1

Ideas & Opportunities

2

Resources

3

Into Action

Where creativity starts—identifying needs and generating ideas that matter.

Building the confidence, networks, and motivation to act on those ideas.

Turning plans into real-world initiatives while learning from every success and setback.

 

The 15 “entrepreneurial” competences of EntreComp

Unlocking the DNA of entrepreneurial thinking

Think of these competences as a Swiss Army knife. Each is a tool that can help learners navigate challenges, regardless of their career path.

1.1

Spotting opportunities

1.2

Creativity

1.3

Vision

1.4

Valuing ideas

1.5

Ethical & Sustain. thinking

2.1

Self-awareness and efficacy

2.2

Motivation & perseverance

2.3

Mobilising resources

2.4

Financial and Econ. literacy

2.5

Mobilising others

3.1

Taking the initiative

3.2

Planning and management

3.3

Coping with risk & ambiguity

3.4

Working with others

3.5

Learning through experience

 

The EntreComp learning pathway

From curious beginners to confident leaders

The framework describes growth in 4 stages

  1. Each stage builds on real experience
    Students climb this “spiral” by doing, reflecting, and improving.
  2. Even small projects can start the climb!
    Progress is measured by initiative and growth, not perfection.
An 8-layer progression model

Different levels to assess learners’ progresses per each of the 15 competences

1. Foundation

2. Intermediate

3. Advanced

4. Expert

Relying on support from others

Building independence

Taking responsibility

Driving growth and innovation

Under direct super-vision.

With reduced support from others, some autonomy and together with my peers.

On my own and together with my peers.

Taking and sharing some responsibilities.

With some guidance and together with others.

Taking responsibility for making decisions and working with others.

Taking responsibility for contributing to complex developments in a specific field.

Contributing substantially to the development of a specific field.

Discover

Explore

Experiment

Dare

Improve

Reinforce

Expand

Transform

Level 1 focuses mainly on discovering your qualities, potential, interests and wishes. It also focuses on recognising different types of problems and needs that can be solved creatively, and on developing individual skills and attitudes.

Level 2 focuses on exploring different approaches to problems, concentrating on diversity and developing social skills and attitudes.

Level 3 focuses on critical thinking and on experimenting with creating value, for instance through practical entrepreneurial experiences.

Level 4 focuses on turning ideas into action in ‘real life’ and on taking responsibility for this.

Level 5 focuses on improving your skills for turning ideas into action, taking increasing responsibility for creating value, and developing knowledge about entrepreneurship.

Level 6 focuses on working with others, using the knowledge you have to generate value, dealing with increasingly complex challenges.

Level 7 focuses on the competences needed to deal with complex challenges, handling a constantly changing environment where the degree of uncertainty is high.

Level 8 focuses on emerging challenges by developing new knowledge, through research and development and innovation capabilities to achieve excellence and transform the ways things are done.

Practical benefits for VET Trainers

Creating new opportunities where few seems to exists

The fast-changing economy demand creative and resilient people

  • EntreComp encourages local problem-solving.
  • It empowers youth to turn challenges into opportunities for themselves and their communities.

It’s a framework that energizes both trainer and learner.

  • EntreComp helps trainers teach beyond the syllabus.
  • It gives them tools to build soft skills like collaboration and problem-solving alongside technical know-how.

EntreComp is not about writing endless plans—it’s about doing.

  • The focus is on initiative, creativity, and learning from mistakes.
  • It connects education with the real world. Students see why what they learn matters and how it applies outside the classroom.

 

Core attitudes to foster

The four superpowers of entrepreneurial learning

EntreComp gives students tools to build soft skills like collaboration and problem-solving alongside technical know-how.

Curiosity

Encourage students to ask “what if?” and explore new ideas.

Resilience

Teach them to see failure as feedback, not defeat.

Responsibility

Make students owners of their projects and ideas.

Collaboration

Show how diverse minds create stronger solutions together.

 

How to start with EntreComp in your classroom

Small projects, big shifts…

  1. Start with a small challenge that feels real to students
    Even a 1-hour brainstorming session can plant seeds of initiative
  2. Let students lead the process
    Trainers act as facilitators, guiding without dictating.
  3. Encourage reflection afterward
    The lessons learned are as valuable as the outcome.
Activity ideas for trainers

The EntreComp adoption in classroom settings are nearly limitless…

1

Identify 3 competences that you’re already promoting in your class – one per each training area

2

Select the one that you would like to strengthen even further: focus on the competences with the least attention from learners

3

Prepare a classroom activity to practice that competence in group(s)*. Plan a 30-minute for collective discussion afterwords

*Feel free to take inspiration from the project-based learning activities that you will find as examples in the following trainings.

Building a common dictionary for people’ empowerment

Key and final takeaways

  1. EntreComp gives structure to “soft skills,” making them concrete and easy to discuss
  2. When students can name and describe these competences, they gain better confidence
  3. Employers appreciate this language too, as it shows students understand their value beyond technical expertise
  4. EntreComp is about cultivating initiative, resilience, and creativity
  5. Trainers don’t need to reinvent everything. Small steps, like integrating creativity activities, already makes difference
  6. The goal is not to create entrepreneurs but proactive, adaptable people
What will be your next move?

Trigs for interactive reflections

1

Which of the three EntreComp areas do you naturally emphasize with?

  • Idea and opportunities?
  • Resources?
  • Into-Action?

2

Which of the three could you bring more into your teachings and classrooms?

  • Which of the five competences per area are particularly relevant to your job?

3

Which recommendation(s) would you like to share with peers and colleagues?

  • What concrete actions can you strategize to tests this concepts in your classrooms?